{
  "module": "102.1",
  "title": "102.1 Cultural Humility and Bias",
  "pass_percent": 75,
  "pre_test": {
    "graded": false,
    "questions": [
      {
        "question": "What is the main difference between cultural humility and cultural competence?",
        "options": [
          "Humility is a lifelong practice of learning and self-checking; competence can feel finished",
          "Humility means never asking questions about culture",
          "Competence is only for doctors",
          "There is no difference"
        ],
        "correct": 0,
        "explanation": "Tervalon and Murray-Garcia described cultural humility as a lifelong commitment, not a skill you complete."
      },
      {
        "question": "Which is part of cultural humility as Tervalon and Murray-Garcia described it?",
        "options": [
          "Memorizing facts about each ethnic group",
          "Treating every person in a group the same",
          "Working to fix power imbalances between worker and client",
          "Letting the worker decide what is best"
        ],
        "correct": 2,
        "explanation": "Redressing power imbalances, so the client leads their own story, is a core part of cultural humility."
      },
      {
        "question": "Implicit bias is best described as:",
        "options": [
          "Hate that a person says out loud",
          "Attitudes or stereotypes that shape our actions without our awareness",
          "A rule written by the government",
          "Something only some people have"
        ],
        "correct": 1,
        "explanation": "Implicit bias works in an automatic, unconscious way, and everyone has it."
      },
      {
        "question": "A client's 10-year-old son offers to interpret at a clinic visit. It is not an emergency. What should the CHW do?",
        "options": [
          "Let the son interpret since the family agrees",
          "Use simple English and hand gestures",
          "Skip the visit",
          "Arrange a qualified interpreter, by phone, video or in person"
        ],
        "correct": 3,
        "explanation": "Federal rules say health programs must not rely on minor children to interpret except as a brief emergency stopgap."
      },
      {
        "question": "Who should pay for an interpreter in a federally funded health program?",
        "options": [
          "The client",
          "The client's family",
          "The program, so it is free to the client",
          "The interpreter volunteers for free"
        ],
        "correct": 2,
        "explanation": "Section 1557 requires language help to be free of charge to the person."
      },
      {
        "question": "Which question is a true teach-back question?",
        "options": [
          "Do you understand?",
          "Does that make sense?",
          "Any questions?",
          "So I know I explained it well, can you tell me how you will take this?"
        ],
        "correct": 3,
        "explanation": "Teach-back asks the person to explain in their own words; yes or no questions do not check understanding."
      },
      {
        "question": "Healthy People 2030 says health literacy is also about organizations. This means:",
        "options": [
          "Agencies must make information easy to find, understand and use",
          "Only clients are responsible for understanding",
          "Agencies should use more medical words",
          "Organizations should test clients' reading levels"
        ],
        "correct": 0,
        "explanation": "Organizational health literacy is how well organizations help people find, understand and use information and services."
      },
      {
        "question": "During a visit, a client says she prays before deciding on surgery and wants to talk with her pastor. What should the CHW do?",
        "options": [
          "Tell her faith has nothing to do with health",
          "Respect her process and offer to help her plan questions for her doctor",
          "Decide for her to save time",
          "Tell her doctor she refuses care"
        ],
        "correct": 1,
        "explanation": "Faith often shapes health choices, and cultural humility means respecting the person's own decision process."
      },
      {
        "question": "You notice you always call certain clients back last. What is the best first step?",
        "options": [
          "Ignore it because everyone does it",
          "Stop working with those clients",
          "Notice the pattern, ask yourself why, and talk it through in supervision",
          "Ask the clients to call you instead"
        ],
        "correct": 2,
        "explanation": "Checking our own patterns and bringing them to supervision is how we correct implicit bias."
      },
      {
        "question": "Which is the best plain language choice?",
        "options": [
          "Take this medicine PRN for hypertension",
          "Your BP is elevated; comply with your regimen",
          "Monitor your sodium intake per guidelines",
          "Your blood pressure is high. Your doctor wants to talk about salt in food."
        ],
        "correct": 3,
        "explanation": "Plain language uses short sentences and common words, with medical terms explained."
      }
    ]
  },
  "post_test": {
    "graded": true,
    "questions": [
      {
        "question": "Healthy People 2030 says health literacy is also about organizations. This means:",
        "options": [
          "Agencies must make information easy to find, understand and use",
          "Only clients are responsible for understanding",
          "Agencies should use more medical words",
          "Organizations should test clients' reading levels"
        ],
        "correct": 0,
        "explanation": "Organizational health literacy is how well organizations help people find, understand and use information and services."
      },
      {
        "question": "A client's 10-year-old son offers to interpret at a clinic visit. It is not an emergency. What should the CHW do?",
        "options": [
          "Let the son interpret since the family agrees",
          "Use simple English and hand gestures",
          "Skip the visit",
          "Arrange a qualified interpreter, by phone, video or in person"
        ],
        "correct": 3,
        "explanation": "Federal rules say health programs must not rely on minor children to interpret except as a brief emergency stopgap."
      },
      {
        "question": "You notice you always call certain clients back last. What is the best first step?",
        "options": [
          "Ignore it because everyone does it",
          "Stop working with those clients",
          "Notice the pattern, ask yourself why, and talk it through in supervision",
          "Ask the clients to call you instead"
        ],
        "correct": 2,
        "explanation": "Checking our own patterns and bringing them to supervision is how we correct implicit bias."
      },
      {
        "question": "During a visit, a client says she prays before deciding on surgery and wants to talk with her pastor. What should the CHW do?",
        "options": [
          "Tell her faith has nothing to do with health",
          "Respect her process and offer to help her plan questions for her doctor",
          "Decide for her to save time",
          "Tell her doctor she refuses care"
        ],
        "correct": 1,
        "explanation": "Faith often shapes health choices, and cultural humility means respecting the person's own decision process."
      },
      {
        "question": "Which is part of cultural humility as Tervalon and Murray-Garcia described it?",
        "options": [
          "Memorizing facts about each ethnic group",
          "Treating every person in a group the same",
          "Working to fix power imbalances between worker and client",
          "Letting the worker decide what is best"
        ],
        "correct": 2,
        "explanation": "Redressing power imbalances, so the client leads their own story, is a core part of cultural humility."
      },
      {
        "question": "Who should pay for an interpreter in a federally funded health program?",
        "options": [
          "The client",
          "The client's family",
          "The program, so it is free to the client",
          "The interpreter volunteers for free"
        ],
        "correct": 2,
        "explanation": "Section 1557 requires language help to be free of charge to the person."
      },
      {
        "question": "Which is the best plain language choice?",
        "options": [
          "Take this medicine PRN for hypertension",
          "Your BP is elevated; comply with your regimen",
          "Monitor your sodium intake per guidelines",
          "Your blood pressure is high. Your doctor wants to talk about salt in food."
        ],
        "correct": 3,
        "explanation": "Plain language uses short sentences and common words, with medical terms explained."
      },
      {
        "question": "What is the main difference between cultural humility and cultural competence?",
        "options": [
          "Humility is a lifelong practice of learning and self-checking; competence can feel finished",
          "Humility means never asking questions about culture",
          "Competence is only for doctors",
          "There is no difference"
        ],
        "correct": 0,
        "explanation": "Tervalon and Murray-Garcia described cultural humility as a lifelong commitment, not a skill you complete."
      },
      {
        "question": "Which question is a true teach-back question?",
        "options": [
          "Do you understand?",
          "Does that make sense?",
          "Any questions?",
          "So I know I explained it well, can you tell me how you will take this?"
        ],
        "correct": 3,
        "explanation": "Teach-back asks the person to explain in their own words; yes or no questions do not check understanding."
      },
      {
        "question": "Implicit bias is best described as:",
        "options": [
          "Hate that a person says out loud",
          "Attitudes or stereotypes that shape our actions without our awareness",
          "A rule written by the government",
          "Something only some people have"
        ],
        "correct": 1,
        "explanation": "Implicit bias works in an automatic, unconscious way, and everyone has it."
      }
    ]
  }
}